Find-DomainShare in PowerView searches for computer shares on the domain. The -CheckShareAccess parameter only shows that shares the current user has read access to.
beacon> powershell Find-DomainShare -CheckShareAccess
Name Type Remark ComputerName
---- ---- ------ ------------
CertEnroll 0 Active Directory Certificate Services share dc-2.dev.cyberbotic.io
home$ 0 dc-2.dev.cyberbotic.io
NETLOGON 0 Logon server share dc-2.dev.cyberbotic.io
software 0 dc-2.dev.cyberbotic.io
SYSVOL 0 Logon server share dc-2.dev.cyberbotic.io
finance$ 0 fs.dev.cyberbotic.io
\
Find-InterestingDomainShareFile takes this a step further and searches each share, returning results where the specified strings appear in the path.